ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY – 1st Year Viva Questions with Answers
CELL & TISSUES
1. Anatomy ka matlab?
Ans: Human body ke structure ka study.
2. Physiology ka matlab?
Ans: Body ke functions ka study.
3. Cell ki definition?
Ans: Life ki basic structural aur functional unit.
4. Cell ke main parts?
Ans: Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleus.
5. Mitochondria ka function?
Ans: Energy production (ATP).
6. Ribosomes ka function?
Ans: Protein synthesis.
7. Epithelial tissue ke types?
Ans: Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar, Ciliated, Glandular.
8. Connective tissue ke examples?
Ans: Bone, Cartilage, Blood, Fat (adipose).
9. Muscle tissue ke types?
Ans: Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth.
10. Nervous tissue ka main cell?
Ans: Neuron.
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SKELETAL SYSTEM
11. Human body me bones ki total ginti?
Ans: 206.
12. Axial skeleton me kaun se bones aati hain?
Ans: Skull, Vertebral column, Ribs, Sternum.
13. Appendicular skeleton me kaun se bones aati hain?
Ans: Upper aur lower limbs, Shoulder, Pelvic girdles.
14. Long bone ka example?
Ans: Femur.
15. Short bone ka example?
Ans: Carpals.
16. Flat bone ka example?
Ans: Sternum.
17. Irregular bone ka example?
Ans: Vertebra.
18. Sesamoid bone ka example?
Ans: Patella.
19. Skull ke main bones?
Ans: Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid.
20. Vertebral column ke total vertebrae?
Ans: 33.
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JOINTS
21. Joint ki definition?
Ans: Do bones ka junction.
22. Synovial joint ka example?
Ans: Shoulder joint.
23. Fibrous joint ka example?
Ans: Skull sutures.
24. Cartilaginous joint ka example?
Ans: Intervertebral discs.
25. Ball and socket joint ka example?
Ans: Hip joint.
26. Hinge joint ka example?
Ans: Elbow joint.
27. Pivot joint ka example?
Ans: Atlanto-axial joint.
28. Saddle joint ka example?
Ans: Thumb joint.
29. Plane joint ka example?
Ans: Intercarpal joints.
30. Condyloid joint ka example?
Ans: Wrist joint.
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MUSCULAR SYSTEM
31. Largest muscle in human body?
Ans: Gluteus maximus.
32. Smallest muscle?
Ans: Stapedius (ear).
33. Voluntary muscle ka example?
Ans: Biceps.
34. Involuntary muscle ka example?
Ans: Stomach wall muscles.
35. Cardiac muscle kahan hota hai?
Ans: Heart.
36. Flexor muscle ka function?
Ans: Joint ko bend karna.
37. Extensor muscle ka function?
Ans: Joint ko straight karna.
38. Abductor muscle ka function?
Ans: Limb ko body se door le jana.
39. Adductor muscle ka function?
Ans: Limb ko body ke paas lana.
40. Diaphragm ka function?
Ans: Breathing me madad.
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NERVOUS SYSTEM
41. Nervous system ke 2 main parts?
Ans: CNS (Central Nervous System) aur PNS (Peripheral Nervous System).
42. CNS me kya hota hai?
Ans: Brain aur Spinal cord.
43. Brain ke lobes?
Ans: Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital.
44. Largest part of brain?
Ans: Cerebrum.
45. Brain ka balance control center?
Ans: Cerebellum.
46. Spinal cord ka function?
Ans: Nerve signals ka transmission.
47. Cranial nerves ki total ginti?
Ans: 12 pairs.
48. Spinal nerves ki total ginti?
Ans: 31 pairs.
49. Sensory nerve ka example?
Ans: Optic nerve.
50. Motor nerve ka example?
Ans: Oculomotor nerve.
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
51. Heart ke total chambers?
Ans: 4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles).
52. Normal adult heart rate?
Ans: 72/min.
53. Largest artery?
Ans: Aorta.
54. Largest vein?
Ans: Inferior vena cava.
55. Pulmonary artery ka function?
Ans: Heart se lungs ko deoxygenated blood le jana.
56. Pulmonary vein ka function?
Ans: Lungs se heart ko oxygenated blood le aana.
57. Normal BP?
Ans: 120/80 mmHg.
58. RBC ka function?
Ans: Oxygen transport.
59. WBC ka function?
Ans: Immunity.
60. Platelets ka function?
Ans: Blood clotting.
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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
61. Digestive system ka main kaam?
Ans: Food ko digest karke nutrients absorb karna.
62. Stomach ka function?
Ans: Food store aur digest karna.
63. Small intestine ke 3 parts?
Ans: Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum.
64. Large intestine ke 4 parts?
Ans: Cecum, Colon, Rectum, Anal canal.
65. Liver ka function?
Ans: Bile production.
66. Gall bladder ka function?
Ans: Bile store karna.
67. Pancreas ka function?
Ans: Digestive enzymes aur insulin produce karna.
68. Salivary glands ke naam?
Ans: Parotid, Submandibular, Sublingual.
69. Appendix kahan hota hai?
Ans: Cecum me.
70. Tongue ka kaam?
Ans: Taste, Speech, Swallowing.
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
71. Respiratory system ka main kaam?
Ans: Oxygen lena aur carbon dioxide nikalna.
72. Lungs ka covering?
Ans: Pleura.
73. Larynx ka common name?
Ans: Voice box.
74. Trachea ka function?
Ans: Air passage lungs tak.
75. Alveoli ka function?
Ans: Gas exchange.
76. Normal respiration rate?
Ans: 12–20/min.
77. Inspiration me diaphragm ka movement?
Ans: Neeche hota hai.
78. Expiration me diaphragm ka movement?
Ans: Upar hota hai.
79. Nasal cavity ka function?
Ans: Air filter, warm aur humidify karna.
80. Epiglottis ka function?
Ans: Food ko airway me jane se rokna.
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EXCRETORY & REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
81. Kidney ka function?
Ans: Blood filter karke urine banana.
82. Kidney ka functional unit?
Ans: Nephron.
83. Ureter ka function?
Ans: Kidney se bladder tak urine le jana.
84. Bladder ka function?
Ans: Urine store karna.
85. Normal adult urine output?
Ans: 1.5 liters/day.
86. Male gonads ka naam?
Ans: Testes.
87. Female gonads ka naam?
Ans: Ovaries.
88. Male reproductive ducts?
Ans: Vas deferens, Urethra.
89. Female reproductive ducts?
Ans: Fallopian tubes.
90. Menstrual cycle ka normal duration?
Ans: 28 days.
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SENSE ORGANS & MISC
91. Eye ka transparent part?
Ans: Cornea.
92. Eye ka colored part?
Ans: Iris.
93. Retina ka function?
Ans: Light detect karke brain ko signal bhejna.
94. Ear ke 3 parts?
Ans: Outer ear, Middle ear, Inner ear.
95. Ossicles ke naam?
Ans: Malleus, Incus, Stapes.
96. Cochlea ka function?
Ans: Hearing.
97. Skin ke layers?
Ans: Epidermis, Dermis.
98. Skin ka pigment?
Ans: Melanin.
99. Homeostasis ka matlab?
Ans: Body ka internal balance maintain karna.
100. Anatomical position ka definition?
Ans: Standing straight, face forward, arms side me, palms forward.
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